2023년 5월 고3 모의고사 32번 해설, 어휘 정리, 변형문제

안녕하세요 모의고사변형문제월드 미키박쌤입니다.

 

 

3등급이 전교 1등으로!

(목동 영일고, 송도 박문여고)

 

 

바로 미키박쌤과 함께라 가능했습니다!

 

 

오늘은 2023년 5월 고3 모의고사 32번 해설, 어휘정리,변형문제입니다.

 

 

5월모의고사

 

 

 

 

먼저

 

한 줄 해석 및 중요 문법 사항을 확인하시고, 32번 변형문제를 풀어보시겠습니다.

 

시작할까요?

 

 

 

 

Here we go!

 

미키박쌤과 함께 가즈아!

 

 

Animals arguably make art.

동물은 거의 틀림없이 예술을 만든다.

 

 

 

The male bowerbirds of New Guinea and Australia dedicate huge fractions of their time and energy to creating (create - X) elaborate structures from twigs, flowers, berries, beetle wings, and even colorful trash.

뉴기니와 오스트레일리아의 수컷 바우어새는 나뭇가지, 꽃, 딸기류, 딱정벌레 날개 그리고 심지어 다채로운 잡동사니로부터 정교한 구조물을 만드는 데 그들의 시간과 에너지의 큰 부분을 바친다.

 

creating (create - X) : dedicate A to B : A를 B에 바치다, 헌신하다 -> 이 경우의 to 는 전치사 to입니다. 전치사 + 명사류(동명사 포함) 입니다. 따라서 to creating 이 옳습니다.

 

전치사 to와 부정사의 to 구분하기 -> 

to의 구분(전치사 to Vs. 부정사 to)

 

 

 

These are the backdrops to their complex mating dances, which (they - X) include acrobatic moves and even imitations of other species.

이것들은 그들의 복잡한 짝짓기 춤을 위한 배경이며 그 춤은 곡예 동작과 심지어 다른 종들의 모방까지 포함한다.

 

which (they - X) : which 는 관계대명사이고, they 는 대명사입니다.

관계대명사는 연결사이므로 동사가 2개가 있습니다. 반면에, 대명사는 연결사가 아니므로 동사가 1개여야 합니다. 

제시문에서는 are ~ 와 include ~ 이렇게 동사가 2개이므로 연결사가 있어야 하기 때문에 which 가 옳습니다.

 

-> 연결사의 개념과 종류 :  

연결사

 

What’s most amazing about the towers and “bowers” they construct is (to be - X) that they aren’t stereotyped like a beehive or hummingbird nest.

그들이 지은 탑과 ‘바우어’의 가장 놀라운 점은 그것들이 벌집이나 벌새 둥지처럼 정형화되어 있지 않다는 것이다.

 

is (to be - X)  -> 관계대명사 what + 불완전문 = 명사절입니다. 명사절이 주어이므로 '단수동사' 자리에 is 가 옳습니다.

 

-> 관계대명사 what  상세설명 : 

관계대명사 what

 

 

Each one is different. Artistic skill, along with fine craftsbirdship, is (being - X) rewarded by the females.

각각의 것은 다르다. 새의 정교한 장인 정신과 함께 예술적 기술은 암컷에 의해 보상받는다.

 

is (being - X) ->  주어가 Artistic skill 이고 이에 대한 동사가 없습니다. 따라서 is 의 형태가 옳습니다. 

 

-> 동사와 준동사의 개념 및 구분법 :

준동사

 

 

Many researchers suggest these displays are (be - X) used by the females to gauge the cognitive abilities of her potential mates, but Darwin thought that she was actually attracted to their beauty.

많은 연구자들은 이 과시가 자신의 잠재적 짝의 인지적 능력을 측정하기 위해서 암컷에 의해 이용된다고 말하지만 다윈은 암컷이 실제로 그것들의 ‘아름다움’에 끌렸다고 생각했다.

 

are (be - X) -> 요구, 주장, 제안, 명령, 충고 등의 동사 + that + S + (should) V ~ 입니다. 

하지만, 이러한 동사들이 와도 '~해야한다'라는 의미가 없는 경우에는 should V 혹은 V으로 쓰지 않습니다.

본문의 경우에도 are 라는 동사가 더 문맥상 어울립니다.

 

-> 요구, 주장, 제안, 명령, 충고 등의 동사 + that + S + (should) V ~ 구체적으로 확인하기 :

제안,요구,명령,주장,충고 동사

 

 

In other words, the bowers aren’t simply (simple - X) signals of mate quality; they are appreciated by the females for their own sake, much as we appreciate a painting or a bouquet of spring flowers.

다시 말해, 바우어는 단순히 짝의 자질의 신호만인 것은 아니다. 그것들은 우리가 그림이나 봄꽃 한 다발을 감상하는 것처럼 그 자체의 목적을 위해 감상된다.

 

 simply (simple - X) -> simple : 단순한(형용사 : 명사수식 혹은 보어 역할)

simply : 단순히, 그저(부사 : 명사 이외의 것 수식)

뒤에 signals 라는 명사가 있어서 simple 이라고 유혹할 것입니다. 속지 마세요!

'그저 ~은 아니다'라는 동사를 수식하고 있기 때문에 simply 라는 부사의 형태가 옳습니다.

 

형용사와 부사의 개념과 구분 확인하기 :

영어 형용사

 

 

A 2013 study looked at whether (if - X) bowerbirds that did better on cognitive tests were more successful at attracting mates.

2013년의 한 연구는 인지 검사에서 더 잘했던 바우어새가 짝을 유혹하는 데 더 성공적이었는지를 살펴보았다.

 

-> 전치사 + whether (O) / 전치사 + if (X) 입니다. 

 

접속사 whether 확인하기 :

접속사 whether

접속사 if 확인하기 : 

if 구분

 

 

A 2013 study looked at whether bowerbirds that did better on cognitive tests were (being - X) more successful at attracting mates.

2013년의 한 연구는 인지 검사에서 더 잘했던 바우어새가 짝을 유혹하는 데 더 성공적이었는지를 살펴보았다.

 

were (being - X)  : 명사절 접속사 whether + 완전문입니다.

따라서, bowerbirds 가 주어이고 그 뒤에 연결사 that 이 있으므로 동사는 2개입니다. 그리고, 두 번째 동사(were)가 진짜 동사입니다.

시험에서는 being 으로 바꿔 출제될 수 있습니다. 속지 마세요!

 

 

 

They were (did - X) not, suggesting whatever the females are looking for, it isn’t a straightforward indicator of cognitive ability.

그들은 그러지 않았고, 이것은 암컷이 찾는 것이 무엇이든지 그것이 인지 능력의 직접적인 지표는 아니라는 것을 시사한다.

 

 

were (did - X) -> were more successful at attracting mates 의 부정이죠? 

영어에서는 앞의 반복되는 부분은 생략을 하는 '생략구문'이 발달했습니다.

 

생략구문 확인하기 :

생략

 

내용 확인하셨죠?

 

그럼 동의어가 포함된 어휘 정리 자료를 확인해볼까요?

 

 

 

 

 

영어 (English)	한국어	Synonym (동의어)
animals	동물들	creatures, living beings
make	만들다	create, construct
art	예술	artwork, creativity
male	수컷	masculine, manly
bowerbirds	까치새	bird species
dedicate	헌신하다	devote, commit
structures	구조물	buildings, formations
twigs	나뭇가지	branches, sticks
flowers	꽃들	blooms, blossoms
berries	열매	fruits
beetle wings	딱정벌레 날개	insect wings
colorful	다채로운	vibrant, vivid
trash	쓰레기	garbage, waste
backdrops	배경	backgrounds, settings
complex	복잡한	intricate, complicated
mating dances	교배 댄스	courtship dances
acrobatic moves	곡예적 동작	athletic actions
imitations	모방	mimicry, copies
species	종	types, kinds
towers	탑	structures, tall buildings
bower	꽃밭	shelter, dwelling
stereotyped	고정적인	standardized, conventional
beehive	벌집	beehouse, honeycomb
hummingbird nest	참새 둥지	bird's nest
different	다른	various, diverse
artistic skill	예술적 기술	artistic ability, creative talent
fine craftsbirdship	공예 기술	craftsmanship, skillful artistry
rewarded	보상받다	acknowledged, compensated
females	암컷	women, girls
researchers	연구자들	scientists, scholars
suggest	제안하다	propose, indicate
displays	표현	exhibitions, presentations
gauge	판단하다	measure, assess
cognitive abilities	인지 능력	mental capacities
potential mates	잠재적인 파트너	possible partners
attracted	끌다	allured, drawn
beauty	아름다움	attractiveness, aesthetics
signals	신호	signs, indications
mate quality	파트너 품질	partner's suitability
appreciated	감사하다	valued, admired
painting	그림	artwork, canvas
bouquet of spring flowers	봄꽃 꽃다발	bunch of spring blooms
looked at	살펴보다	examined, studied
better	더 나은	improved, superior
cognitive tests	인지 테스트	mental assessments
successful	성공적인	accomplished, thriving
attracting	끌어들이는	alluring, captivating
straightforward	간단한	simple, direct
indicator	지표	signal, marker
ability	능력	skill, capability

 

 

 

잘 이해하셨죠? 

 

 

이제 변형 문제를 풀어보실까요?

 

 

5월모의고사

 

 

변형문제 1

다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 틀린 것은?

Animals arguably make art. The male bowerbirds of New Guinea and Australia dedicate huge fractions of their time and energy to ①creating elaborate structures from twigs, flowers, berries, beetle wings, and even colorful trash. These are the backdrops to their complex mating dances, ②which include acrobatic moves and even imitations of other species. What’s most amazing about the towers and “bowers” they construct ③to be that they aren’t stereotyped like a beehive or hummingbird nest. Each one is different. Artistic skill, along with fine craftsbirdship, is rewarded by the females. Many researchers suggest these displays ④are used by the females to gauge the cognitive abilities of her potential mates, but Darwin thought that she was actually attracted to their beauty. In other words, the bowers aren’t simply signals of mate quality; they are appreciated by the females for their own sake, much as we appreciate a painting or a bouquet of spring flowers. A 2013 study looked at ⑤whether bowerbirds that did better on cognitive tests were more successful at attracting mates. They were not, suggesting whatever the females are looking for, it isn’t a straightforward indicator of cognitive ability.

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

③is

What’s most amazing about the towers and “bowers” they construct ③to be that they aren’t stereotyped like a beehive or hummingbird nest. Each one is different. 

관계대명사 what + 불완전문 = 명사절 입니다. 명사절이 주어로 와서 ③번의 자리는 단수동사 자리인 is가 옳습니다.

 

관계대명사 what 설명 :

관계대명사 what

 

 

 

 

 

변형문제 2

다음 밑줄친 부분 중 문맥상 어색한 것은? (원문 변형 문제입니다.)

Animals arguably make art. The male bowerbirds of New Guinea and Australia dedicate huge fractions of their time and energy to ①constructing elaborate structures from twigs, flowers, berries, beetle wings, and even colorful trash. These are the backdrops to their complex mating dances, which include acrobatic moves and even imitations of other species. What’s most amazing about the towers and “bowers” they construct is that they aren’t ②standardized like a beehive or hummingbird nest. Each one is different. Artistic skill, along with fine craftsbirdship, is rewarded by the females. Many researchers suggest these displays are used by the females to ③assess the cognitive abilities of her potential mates, but Darwin thought that she was actually attracted to their beauty. In other words, the bowers aren’t simply signals of mate quality; they are appreciated by the females for their own sake, much as we ④admire a painting or a bouquet of spring flowers. A 2013 study looked at whether bowerbirds that did better on cognitive tests were more successful at attracting mates. They were not, suggesting whatever the females are looking for, it isn’t a straightforward indicator of ⑤potential ability.

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

⑤potential (잠재적인) -> cognitive 

 

참고 :

①constructing (원문 : creating )

②standardized (원문 : stereotyped )

③assess (원문 : gauge )

④admire (원문 : appreciate )

 

 

 

 

 

변형문제 3

다음 글에 이어질 순서를 정하시오.

Animals arguably make art. The male bowerbirds of New Guinea and Australia dedicate huge fractions of their time and energy to creating elaborate structures from twigs, flowers, berries, beetle wings, and even colorful trash. These are the backdrops to their complex mating dances, which include acrobatic moves and even imitations of other species.

(A) A 2013 study looked at whether bowerbirds that did better on cognitive tests were more successful at attracting mates. They were not, suggesting whatever the females are looking for, it isn’t a straightforward indicator of cognitive ability.  (B) What’s most amazing about the towers and “bowers” they construct is that they aren’t stereotyped like a beehive or hummingbird nest. Each one is different. Artistic skill, along with fine craftsbirdship, is rewarded by the females. Many researchers suggest these displays are used by the females to gauge the cognitive abilities of her potential mates, but Darwin thought that she was actually attracted to their beauty. (C) In other words, the bowers aren’t simply signals of mate quality; they are appreciated by the females for their own sake, much as we appreciate a painting or a bouquet of spring flowers.

 

 

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

B-C-A

 

 

 

변형문제 4

글의 흐름으로 보아, 다음 주어진 문장이 들어갈 가장 알맞은 곳은?

In other words, the bowers aren’t simply signals of mate quality; they are appreciated by the females for their own sake, much as we appreciate a painting or a bouquet of spring flowers.

Animals arguably make art. The male bowerbirds of New Guinea and Australia dedicate huge fractions of their time and energy to creating elaborate structures from twigs, flowers, berries, beetle wings, and even colorful trash. These are the backdrops to their complex mating dances, which include acrobatic moves and even imitations of other species. ① What’s most amazing about the towers and “bowers” they construct is that they aren’t stereotyped like a beehive or hummingbird nest. Each one is different. ② Artistic skill, along with fine craftsbirdship, is rewarded by the females. ③  Many researchers suggest these displays are used by the females to gauge the cognitive abilities of her potential mates, but Darwin thought that she was actually attracted to their beauty. ④ A 2013 study looked at whether bowerbirds that did better on cognitive tests were more successful at attracting mates. ⑤ They were not, suggesting whatever the females are looking for, it isn’t a straightforward indicator of cognitive ability.

 

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

④

 

 

 

 

변형문제 5

다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 알맞은 것은?

Animals arguably make art. The male bowerbirds of New Guinea and Australia dedicate huge fractions of their time and energy to creating elaborate structures from twigs, flowers, berries, beetle wings, and even colorful trash. These are the backdrops to their complex mating dances, which include acrobatic moves and even imitations of other species. What’s most amazing about the towers and “bowers” they construct is that they aren’t stereotyped like a beehive or hummingbird nest. Each one is different. Artistic skill, along with fine craftsbirdship, is rewarded by the females. Many researchers suggest these displays are used by the females to gauge the cognitive abilities of her potential mates, but Darwin thought that she was actually attracted to their beauty. In other words, the bowers aren’t simply signals of mate quality; they are appreciated by the females for their own sake, much as we appreciate a painting or a bouquet of spring flowers. A 2013 study looked at whether bowerbirds that did better on cognitive tests were more successful at attracting mates. They were not, suggesting whatever the females are looking for, it isn’t a straightforward indicator of cognitive ability.

↓

Male bowerbirds _____(A)______diverse and elaborate structures as backdrops for their complex mating displays, which are appreciated by females for their own _____(B)_______value rather than solely as indicators of mate quality or cognitive abilities.         (A)                                     (B) ① solidify                            physical ② boast                              inherited ③ pursue                            intricate ④ reinforce                         supported ⑤ construct                         aesthetic

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

⑤ construct                         aesthetic 

 

Male bowerbirds construct diverse and elaborate structures as backdrops for their complex mating displays, which are appreciated by females for their own aesthetic value rather than solely as indicators of mate quality or cognitive abilities. 

수컷 바우어새는 복잡한 짝짓기 과시를 위한 배경으로 다양하고 정교한 구조를 만든다. 암컷은 단순히 짝짓기의 질이나 인지 능력의 지표가 아니라 자신의 미적 가치를 높이 평가한다.

 

참고 :

 

① solidify  굳히다                          physical 육체적인
② boast 자랑하다                          inherited 물려받은, 타고난
③ pursue   추구하다                      intricate 미묘한
④ reinforce  강화하다                    supported 지지받은

 

미키박쌤과 함께 가요!

 

지금까지 모의고사변형문제월드 미키박쌤의

2023년 5월 고3 모의고사 32번 해설 및 변형문제를 연습하셨습니다.

 

다음 자료인  2023년 5월 고3 모의고사 33번 해설 및 변형문제도 확인해보실까요?

 

33번 바로 가기 :

2023년 5월 고3 모의고사 33번 해설, 어휘 정리, 변형문제

 

이 외에도

구글, 다음, 네이버, 유튜브에서 모의고사변형문제월드 미키박쌤이라고 검색하시면

정말 많은 모의고사 변형문제 자료들을 무료로 활용하실 수 있습니다.

 

 

감사합니다.

 

5월모의고사변형문제