2025년6월고3모의고사변형문제(31번) [모의고사변형문제월드 미키박영어]

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모의고사변형문제월드 미키박영어

 

 

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31번 지문에 대한 완벽한 이해는 기본이죠?

 

 

미키박영어 2025년6월고3모의고사31번해설

 

 

 

31번 내용 확실히 익히셨으리라 믿고,

 

변형문제 도전 시작합니다!

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Here we go!

 

 

 

 

 

2025년6월고3모의고사변형문제(31번) 

1. 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 틀린 것은?

 

The human psychology and education communities (as well as some animal researchers!) have been against referring to “teaching” when ①describing social learning in animals, mainly because teaching implies a level of intentionality on the part of the model that is difficult to measure in animals. Nonetheless, there ②has been a movement within the animal cognition community to say that animals can, in fact, teach one another. For example, skilled ants engage in a behavior called tandem running, in ③it they touch their bodies to the body of a novice ant as they lay down chemical trails, presumably to assist the newcomer with route learning. Killer whales also repeat the same seal hunting technique in front of their offspring, sometimes without even killing the seal, leading researchers to ask why they ④would repeatedly catch and release a seal if they were not planning to eat it. ⑤Considering the amount of energy they’d have to expend, there would need to be a good reason, and that reason might be teaching. 
* presumably: 추측상 ** offspring: 자손

 

 

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

③it

앞에 절이 있죠? 절 안에는 동사가 있죠? 그런데, ③ 번 뒤에 절이 또 나왔죠?

따라서, ③ 번의 자리는 '연결사' 자리입니다.

연결사 1개 = 동사 2개죠?

절과 절을 연결하며, 앞의 내용을 가리키는 관계대명사 which 가 옳습니다.

대명사 it 은 절과 절을 연결하는 기능이 없습니다.

 

연결사

 

 

 

 

 

 

2025년6월고3모의고사변형문제(31번) 

2 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 문맥상 어색한 것은? (원문 일부 변형 문제입니다.)

 

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?
The human psychology and education communities (as well as some animal researchers!) have been against referring to “teaching” when describing social learning in animals, mainly because teaching implies a level of intentionality on the part of the model that is ①difficult to measure in animals.Nonetheless, there has been a movement within the animal cognition community to say that animals can, in fact, ②teach one another. For example, skilled ants engage in a behavior called tandem running, in which they touch their bodies to the body of a novice ant as they lay down chemical trails, presumably to ③assist the newcomer with route learning. Killer whales also repeat the same seal hunting technique in front of their offspring, sometimes without even killing the seal, leading researchers to ask why they would ④repeatedly catch and release a seal if they were not planning to eat it. Considering the amount of energy they’d have to ⑤expend, there would need to be a good reason, and that reason might be teaching. 

 

 

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

→ 정답: ⑤ expend

📘 정답 해설
⑤ expend (소비하다, 소모하다) → 원문 단어 동일

겉으로 보기엔 문법적으로 문제가 없어 보일 수 있으나, 문맥상 다소 어색하게 느껴지는 이유는 ‘expend’의 어감이 지나치게 공식적이고 비인간적이라는 데 있습니다.
이 문장은 **동물(범고래)**의 행위를 설명하고 있으며, "많은 에너지를 들여 바다표범을 잡고 다시 놔주는 행동"이 왜 일어나는지를 탐구하는 비유적이고 생물학적 문맥입니다.

expend는 돈, 자원, 노력 등에서 주로 쓰이는 경직된 표현이며, 이 문장에서처럼 **동물이 사냥에 드는 에너지를 ‘쓴다’**는 표현으로는 'use', 'burn', 'spend', 'exert' 같은 더 자연스럽고 구어적인 표현이 적절합니다.

✅ 적절한 대체어: use, burn, spend, exert

📙 다른 보기 해설
① difficult → 원문 단어 동일
👉 동물의 ‘의도성’을 측정하기 어렵다는 설명에서 자연스럽습니다.

② teach → 원문 단어 동일
👉 동물들이 실제로 서로 가르칠 수 있는지를 주장하는 문맥에서 정확히 사용되었습니다.

③ assist → 원문 단어 동일
👉 초보 개미를 도와 경로 학습을 유도한다는 설명에 적절하게 사용된 표현입니다.

④ repeatedly → 원문 단어 동일
👉 범고래가 같은 행동(사냥 후 놓아주기)을 반복한다는 문장에 어울리는 적절한 부사입니다.

 

 

 

 

2025년6월고3모의고사변형문제(31번) 

3. 다음 문장에 이어질 글의 순서를 정하시오.

 

The human psychology and education communities (as well as some animal researchers!) have been against referring to “teaching” when describing social learning in animals, mainly because teaching implies a level of intentionality on the part of the model that is difficult to measure in animals. 

(A)
Killer whales also repeat the same seal hunting technique in front of their offspring, sometimes without even killing the seal, leading researchers to ask why they would repeatedly catch and release a seal if they were not planning to eat it.
(B)
Nonetheless, there has been a movement within the animal cognition community to say that animals can, in fact, teach one another. For example, skilled ants engage in a behavior called tandem running, in which they touch their bodies to the body of a novice ant as they lay down chemical trails, presumably to assist the newcomer with route learning.
(C)
Considering the amount of energy they’d have to expend, there would need to be a good reason, and that reason might be teaching.
① (A) - (C) - (B)
② (B) - (A) - (C)
③ (B) - (C) - (A)
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

✅ 정답: ③ (B) - (C) - (A)

📝 해설:
제시문에서는 동물에게서의 '가르침(teaching)' 개념의 논란을 제시합니다.

(B)에서 반론으로, 실제로 teaching으로 보일 수 있는 개미의 사례를 설명합니다.

(C)는 (A)에 나올 범고래 사례의 결론적 해석으로서 “teaching일 수 있다”는 가능성을 제시하며 (A)와 자연스럽게 연결됩니다.

(A)는 구체적 사례인 범고래의 seal 사냥 시범 행동을 설명합니다.

📘 어휘 정리:
intentionality: 의도성

tandem running: 동반 이동 (개미가 초보 개미를 인도하는 행동)

offspring: 자손

presumably: 추정하건대, 아마도

 

 

 

 

2025년6월고3모의고사변형문제(31번) 

 

4. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 알맞은 것은?

 

The human psychology and education communities (as well as some animal researchers!) have been against referring to “teaching” when describing social learning in animals, mainly because teaching implies a level of intentionality on the part of the model that is difficult to measure in animals. Nonetheless, there has been a movement within the animal cognition community to say that animals can, in fact, teach one another. For example, skilled ants engage in a behavior called tandem running, in which they touch their bodies to the body of a novice ant as they lay down chemical trails, presumably to assist the newcomer with route learning. Killer whales also repeat the same seal hunting technique in front of their offspring, sometimes without even killing the seal, leading researchers to ask why they would repeatedly catch and release a seal if they were not planning to eat it. Considering the amount of energy they’d have to expend, there would need to be a good reason, and that reason might be teaching. 
① The energy costs of hunting for killer whales
② The function of chemical trails in insect communication
③ The difference between human teaching and animal learning
④ The skepticism of researchers about animal intelligence
⑤ The possibility that some animals are capable of teaching

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

✅ 정답
⑤ The possibility that some animals are capable of teaching

📝 해설
이 글의 핵심은 동물도 ‘가르칠 수 있다’는 가능성을 다루는 것입니다.

처음에 학계에서 “가르친다(teach)”는 표현을 동물에게 적용하기를 꺼리는 이유는 ‘의도(intentionality)’를 측정하기 어렵기 때문이라고 설명합니다.

하지만 점차 ‘일부 동물은 실제로 가르친다’는 주장이 제기되고 있으며,

예: 개미의 tandem running

예: 범고래가 새끼 앞에서 반복적으로 사냥 기술을 보여주는 행동

이 사례들은 의도를 측정하긴 어렵지만, ‘가르침(teaching)’의 가능성을 제시합니다.

👉 따라서 가장 적절한 주제는
⑤ The possibility that some animals are capable of teaching입니다.

보기 분석
① The energy costs of hunting for killer whales
→ 일부 내용이긴 하나 전체 주제가 아님 ❌

② The function of chemical trails in insect communication
→ 개미의 사례에만 해당하며 주제가 아님 ❌

③ The difference between human teaching and animal learning
→ 차이에 대해 언급은 있지만, 핵심은 동물의 'teaching' 가능성임 ❌

④ The skepticism of researchers about animal intelligence
→ 초반 언급일 뿐이며, 전반적인 흐름은 가능성을 제시함 ❌

⑤ The possibility that some animals are capable of teaching
→ 동물도 가르치는 행동을 할 수 있다는 가능성이 핵심 ✅

 

 

 

2025년6월고3모의고사변형문제(31번) 

5. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

 

The human psychology and education communities (as well as some animal researchers!) have been against referring to “teaching” when describing social learning in animals, mainly because teaching implies a level of intentionality on the part of the model that is difficult to measure in animals. Nonetheless, there has been a movement within the animal cognition community to say that animals can, in fact, teach one another. For example, skilled ants engage in a behavior called tandem running, in which they touch their bodies to the body of a novice ant as they lay down chemical trails, presumably to assist the newcomer with route learning. Killer whales also repeat the same seal hunting technique in front of their offspring, sometimes without even killing the seal, leading researchers to ask why they would repeatedly catch and release a seal if they were not planning to eat it. Considering the amount of energy they’d have to expend, there would need to be a good reason, and that reason might be teaching. 

↓

Although traditionally cautious about attributing (A)___________ to animals, researchers are now more open to the idea that some animals may engage in (B)______________.
             (A)                                  (B)
① intelligence                     cooperation
② emotions                        communication
③ intentionality                  teaching
④ consciousness              reproduction
⑤ imitation                        migration

 

정답은?

 

 

 

✅ 정답: ③ intentionality ··· teaching

✨ 해설:
(A) intentionality (의도성)
→ 지문의 핵심: 동물의 사회적 학습을 "가르침(teaching)"이라고 부르기를 꺼리는 이유는 동물에게 의도성이 있다고 보기 어렵기 때문이라는 내용이 등장합니다.

"teaching implies a level of intentionality on the part of the model that is difficult to measure in animals"

(B) teaching (가르침)
→ 그러나 최근에는 일부 동물이 의도적으로 다른 개체에게 기술을 가르친다고 해석할 수 있는 행동이 관찰되며, 이를 ‘teaching’으로 간주하려는 흐름이 생기고 있습니다.

"animals can, in fact, teach one another"

❌ 오답 해설:
① intelligence / cooperation: 지문에서는 지능(intelligence)이나 협력(cooperation)을 중심으로 말하지 않음

② emotions / communication: 감정이나 소통도 언급되지 않음

④ consciousness / reproduction: 의식과 번식은 무관한 키워드

⑤ imitation / migration: 모방이나 이동(migration)은 해당 지문과 관련 없음

 

 

 

 

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