2023년 9월 고1 모의고사 변형문제 (어법성 판단 문제 및 정답)

3등급이 전교 1등으로!

(목동 영일고, 송도 박문여고)

 

6등급이 1등급으로!

(목동 진명여고)

 

바로 모의고사변형문제월드 목동 미키박쌤과 함께 한 결과입니다!

 

오늘은 2023년 9월 고1 모의고사 변형문제 중 어법성 판단 유형 문제 및 정답입니다.

 

 

모의고사변형문제월드 목동 미키박쌤

 

1등급을 받기 위한 필수 조건은 바로 어법이죠?

 

시험에 출제될 가능성이 높은 부분을 모두 출제하였습니다.

 

그럼, 모의고사변형문제월드 목동 미키박쌤과 함께  

1등급 달성을 위해 달려볼까요?

 

Here we go!

 

 

 

모의고사변형문제월드 목동 미키박쌤

 

 

 

다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 틀린 곳을 모두 찾아 올바르게 고치시오.

 

 

18. 

Dear Professor Sanchez,
My name is Ellis Wight, and I’m the director of the Alexandria Science Museum. We are ①holding a Chemistry Fair for local middle school students on Saturday, October 28. The goal of the fair is to encourage them ②to be interested in science through ③guiding experiments. We are looking for college students who can help with the experiments during the event. I am contacting you to ask you ④to recommend some students from the chemistry department at your college ⑤which you think ⑥are qualified for this job. With their help, I’m sure the participants will have a great experience. I look forward to ⑦hear from you soon. 
Sincerely, Ellis Wight

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

③guided / ⑤who/ ⑦hearing 

 

 

19.

Gregg and I ①had been rock climbing since sunrise and ②had no problems. So we took a risk. “Look, the first bolt is right there. I can definitely climb out to it. Piece of cake,” I persuaded Gregg, minutes before I found myself ③pinned. It wasn’t a piece of cake. The rock was deceptively barren of handholds. I clumsily moved back and forth across the cliff face and ④ended up with nowhere to go...but down. The bolt that ⑤would save my life, if I could get to it, ⑥being about two feet above my reach. My arms trembled from exhaustion. I looked at Gregg. My body froze with fright from my neck down to my toes. Our rope was tied between us. If I fell, he would ⑦fall with me. 

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

②had had / ⑥was 

 

20.

We are always teaching our children something by our words and our actions. They learn from seeing. They learn from hearing and from overhearing. Children share the values of their parents about the most important things in life. Our priorities and principles and our examples of good behavior can teach our children ①to take the high road when other roads look ②tempted. Remember that children do not learn the values that make up strong character simply by ③telling about them. They learn by seeing the people around them ④to act on and uphold those values in their daily lives. Therefore show your child good examples of life by your action. In our daily lives, we can show our children ⑤whom we respect others. We can show them our compassion and concern when others are ⑥suffered, and our own self-­discipline, courage and honesty as we make difficult decisions. 

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

②tempting / ③being told / ④act / ⑤that / ⑥suffering




21.

Most people have no doubt heard this question: If a tree falls in the forest and there is no one there to hear it ①fallen, does it make a sound? The correct answer is no. Sound is more than pressure waves, and indeed there can be no sound without a hearer. And similarly, scientific communication is a ②two­-ways process. Just as a signal of any kind is useless unless it is perceived, a ③published scientific paper (signal) is useless unless it is both received and understood by its ④intending audience. Thus we can restate the axiom of science ⑤which follows: A scientific experiment is not complete until the results ⑥have published and understood. Publication is no more than pressure waves unless the published paper is understood. Too many scientific papers fall ⑦silently in the woods. 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

①fall / ②two­-way / ④intended / ⑤as / ⑥have been



22.

We all negotiate every day, ①whether we realise it or not. Yet few people ever learn how to negotiate. Those who do usually ②learn the traditional, win­-lose negotiating style rather than an approach that is likely to result in a win­-win agreement. This old-­school, adversarial approach may be useful in a one-­off negotiation ③which you will probably not deal with that person again. However, such transactions are becoming increasingly rare, because most of us deal with the same people ④repeated — our spouses and children, our friends and colleagues, our customers and clients. In view of this, it’s essential to achieve successful results for ⑤us and maintain a healthy relationship with our ⑥negotiating partners at the same time. In today’s interdependent world of business partnerships and long­term relationships, a win-­win outcome ⑦to be fast becoming the only acceptable result. 

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

③where / ④repeatedly / ⑤ourselves / ⑦is



23.

The interaction of workers from different cultural backgrounds with the host population might increase productivity due to positive externalities like knowledge spillovers. This is only an advantage up to a certain degree. When the variety of backgrounds is too large, fractionalization may cause excessive transaction costs for communication, ①it may lower productivity. Diversity not only impacts the labour market, ②but may also affect the quality of life in a location. A tolerant native population may value a multicultural city or region because of an increase in the range of available goods and services. On the other hand, diversity could ③be perceived as an unattractive feature if natives perceive it as a distortion of ④which they consider to be their national identity. They might even discriminate against other ethnic ⑤groups and they might fear that social conflicts between different foreign nationalities ⑥being imported into their own neighbourhood. 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

①which / ④what / ⑥are



24.

We think we are shaping our buildings. But really, our buildings and development are also shaping us. One of the best ①example of this is the oldest­-known construction: the ②ornately carved rings of standing stones at Göbekli Tepe in Turkey. Before these ancestors got the idea to erect ③standing stones some 12,000 years ago, they were hunter­gatherers. It appears ④that the erection of the multiple rings of megalithic stones took so long, and so many successive generations, ⑤when these innovators were forced to settle down to complete the construction works. In the process, they became the first ⑥farming society on Earth. This is an early example of a society ⑦constructing something that ends up ⑧radically remaking the society itself. Things are not so different in our own time. 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

①examples / ⑤that



29.

There is a reason the title “Monday Morning Quarterback” ①existing. Just read the comments on social media from fans ②discuss the weekend’s games, and you quickly see how many people believe they could play, coach, and manage sport teams more ③successfully than those on the field. This goes for the boardroom as well. Students and professionals with years of training and ④specializing degrees in sport business may also find ⑤them ⑥giving advice on how to do their jobs from friends, family, or even total strangers without any expertise. Executives in sport management have decades of knowledge and experience in their respective fields. However, many of them face criticism from fans and community members ⑦telling them how to run their business. Very few people tell their doctor how to perform surgery or their accountant how to prepare their taxes, but many people ⑧providing feedback on ⑨how sport organizations should be managed. 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

①exists / ②discussing / ④specialized / ⑤themselves / ⑥being given / ⑧provide



30.

While moving is difficult for everyone, it is particularly stressful for children. They lose their sense of security and may feel ①disoriented when their routine is disrupted and all that is familiar ②to be taken away. Young children, ages 3-6, are particularly affected by a move. Their understanding at this stage is quite literal, and it is difficult ③for them to imagine beforehand a new home and their new room. Young children may have worries such as “Will I still be me in the new place?” and “Will my toys and bed come with us?” It is important to establish a balance between validating children’s past experiences and focusing on helping them ④adjusting to the new place. Children need to have opportunities to share their backgrounds in a way that respects their past as an important part of who ⑤they are. This contributes to ⑥build a sense of community, ⑦this is essential for all children, especially ⑧those in transition. 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

②is / ④adjust / ⑥building / ⑦which



31.

Many people are terrified to fly in airplanes. Often, this fear stems from a lack of control. The pilot is in control, not the passengers, and this lack of control ①instilling fear. Many potential passengers are so afraid they choose to drive great distances ②to get to a destination instead of flying. But their decision to drive is based ③solely on emotion, not logic. Logic says that ④statistically, the odds of dying in a car crash ⑤being around 1 in 5,000, while the odds of dying in a plane crash ⑥are closer to 1 in 11 million. If you’re going to take a risk, especially ⑦one that could possibly involve your well­being, wouldn’t you want the odds in your favor? However, most people choose the option that will cause ⑧them the least amount of anxiety. Pay attention to the thoughts you have about taking the risk and ⑨making sure you’re ⑩basing your decision on facts, not just feelings. 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

①instills / ⑤are / ⑨make

32.

The famous primatologist Frans de Waal, of Emory University, ①saying humans ②to downplay similarities between us and other animals as a way of maintaining our spot at the top of our imaginary ladder. Scientists, de Waal points out, can be some of the worst offenders — ③employing technical language to distance the other ④animals from us. They call “kissing” in chimps “mouth­to­mouth contact”; they call “friends” between primates “favorite affiliation partners”; they interpret evidence ⑤shows that crows and chimps can make tools as ⑥being somehow ⑦qualitatively different from the kind of toolmaking ⑧said to define humanity. If an animal can beat us at a cognitive task — like how certain bird species can remember the precise locations of thousands of seeds — they ⑨write off it as instinct, not intelligence. This and so many more tricks of language are ⑩that de Waal has termed “linguistic castration.” The way we use our tongues to disempower animals, the way we invent words to maintain our spot at the top. 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

①says / ②downplay / ⑤showing  /  ⑨write it off/ ⑩what


33.

A key to engagement and achievement ①is providing students with relevant texts they will be interested in. My ②scholarly work and my teaching have been ③deep influenced by the work of Rosalie Fink. She interviewed twelve adults who were ④highly successful in their work, including a physicist, a biochemist, and a company CEO. All of them had dyslexia and ⑤had significant problems with reading throughout their school years. While she expected to find that they ⑥had avoided reading and ⑦discovered ways to bypass it or ⑧compensated with other strategies for learning, she found the opposite. “To my surprise, I found that these dyslexics were enthusiastic readers...they rarely avoided reading. On the contrary, they sought out books.” The pattern Fink discovered ⑨to be that all of her subjects ⑩had been passionate in some personal interest. The areas of interest included religion, math, business, science, history, and biography. What mattered ⑪to be that they read ⑫voraciously to find out more. 

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

③deeply / ⑤had had / ⑧compensate / ⑨was / ⑪was



34.

For many people, ability refers to intellectual competence, so they want everything they do ①to reflect how smart they are — writing a brilliant legal brief, getting the highest grade on a test, writing elegant computer code, saying something ②exceptional wise or witty in a conversation. You could also define ability in terms of a particular skill or talent, such as how ③well one plays the piano, learns a language, or serves a tennis ball. Some people focus on their ability to be attractive, ④entertained, up on the latest trends, or ⑤have the newest gadgets. However ability may be defined, a problem ⑥occurring when it is the sole determinant of one’s self­worth. The performance becomes the only measure of the person; nothing else ⑦is taken into account. An outstanding performance means an outstanding person; an average performance means an average person. Period. 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

②exceptionally / ④entertaining /  ⑤to have/ ⑥occurs

35.

Sensory nerves have specialized endings in the tissues that pick up a particular sensation. If, for example, you ①step on a sharp object such as a pin, nerve endings in the skin will transmit the pain sensation up your leg, up and along the spinal cord to the brain. While the pain itself is unpleasant, it is in fact ②acted as a protective mechanism for the foot. Within the brain, nerves will connect to the area that controls speech, ③so that you may well ④to shout ‘ouch’ or something rather less ⑤politely. They will also connect to motor nerves that travel back down the spinal cord, and to the muscles in your leg that now ⑥contracts quickly to lift your foot away from the painful object. Sensory and motor nerves control almost all functions in the body — from the beating of the heart to the movement of the gut, ⑦sweat and just about everything else. 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

②acting / ④shout / ⑤polite / ⑥contract / ⑦sweat


36.

Maybe you’ve heard this joke: “How do you eat an elephant?” The answer is “one bite at a time.” So, how do you “build” the Earth? That’s simple, too: one atom at a time. Atoms are the basic ①building blocks of crystals, and since all rocks ②are made up of crystals, the more you know about atoms, the ③best. Crystals come in a variety of shapes ④that scientists call habits. Common crystal habits include squares, triangles, and ⑤six-­sides hexagons. Usually crystals form when liquids cool, such as when you create ice cubes. Many times, crystals form in ways that do not allow for perfect shapes. If conditions are too cold, too hot, or there isn’t enough source material, they can form strange, ⑥twisting shapes. But when conditions are right, we see beautiful displays. Usually, this involves a slow, steady environment ⑦which the individual atoms have plenty of time to join and ⑧fit perfectly into ⑨what’s known as the crystal lattice. This is the basic structure of atoms that ⑩are seen time after time. 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

③better / ⑤six-­sided / ⑥twisted / ⑦where / ⑩is

37.

When you pluck a guitar string it moves back and forth hundreds of times every second. Naturally, this movement is ①so fast that you cannot see it — you just see the blurred outline of the ②moved string. Strings ③vibrating in this way on their own ④to make hardly any noise because strings are very thin and don’t push much air about. But if you attach a string to a big hollow box (like a guitar body), then the vibration is amplified and the note is heard loud and clear. The vibration of the string is passed on to the ⑤wood panels of the guitar body, which ⑥vibrates back and forth at the same rate as the string. The vibration of the wood creates more powerful waves in the air pressure, which ⑦travels away from the guitar. When the waves reach your eardrums they flex in and out ⑧the same number of ⑨times a second ⑩as the original string. 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

②moving / ④make / ⑤wooden / ⑥vibrate / ⑦travel


38.

Boundaries between work and home ①are blurring as portable digital technology ②making it increasingly possible to work anywhere, anytime. Individuals differ in ③how they like to manage their time to meet work and outside responsibilities. Some people prefer to separate or segment roles ④so that boundary crossings ⑤are minimized. For example, these people might keep separate email accounts for work and family and try ⑥to conduct work at the workplace and ⑦take care of family matters only during breaks and non­work time. We’ve even noticed more of these “segmenters” ⑧to carry two phones ― one for work and one for personal use. Flexible schedules work well for these individuals because they enable greater distinction between time at work and time in other roles. Other individuals prefer ⑨integrating work and family roles all day long. This might entail ⑩constantly trading text messages with children from the office, or ⑪monitor emails at home and on vacation, rather than ⑫returning to work to find hundreds of messages in their inbox. 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

②makes / ⑧carrying / ⑪monitoring

 

 

39.

A “complementary good” is a product that is often consumed alongside another product. For example, popcorn is a complementary good to a movie, while a travel pillow ①is a complementary good for a long plane journey. When the popularity of one product increases, the sales of its complementary good also ②increasing. By producing goods that complement other products that are already (or about to be) popular, you can ensure a steady stream of demand for your product. Some products enjoy perfect complementary status — they have to ③consume together, such as a lamp and a lightbulb. However, do not assume that a product is perfectly complementary, as customers may not be completely ④locked in to the product. For example, although motorists may seem ⑤required to purchase gasoline to run their cars, they can switch to electric cars. 

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

②increase /  ③be consumed

 

40. 

It’s not news to anyone that we judge others ①based on their clothes. In general, studies that investigate these judgments ②find that people prefer clothing that matches expectations — surgeons in scrubs, little boys in blue — with one notable exception. A series of studies ③published in an article in June 2014 in the Journal of Consumer Research ④to explore observers’ reactions to people who broke ⑤establishing norms only ⑥slightly. In one scenario, a man at a black­tie affair was viewed as having higher status and competence when ⑦wearing a red bow tie.  The researchers also found that valuing uniqueness increased audience ⑧members’ ratings  of the status and competence of a professor who wore red sneakers while ⑨given a lecture. The results suggest that people judge these slight deviations from the norm as ⑩positively because they suggest that the individual ⑪is powerful enough to risk the social costs of such behaviors. A series of studies ⑫show that people view an individual ⑬positively when the individual only slightly challenges the norm for ⑭which people should wear. 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

④explored / ⑤established / ⑨giving / ⑩positive / ⑭what

41~42.

Claims ①which local food production cut greenhouse gas emissions by reducing the burning of transportation fuel ②to be usually not well ③founded. Transport is the source of only 11 percent of greenhouse gas emissions within the food sector, so reducing the distance that food travels after it leaves the farm ④being far less important than reducing wasteful energy use on the farm. Food coming from a distance can actually be better for the climate, depending on how it ⑤was grown. For example, field­grown tomatoes shipped from Mexico in the winter months will have a smaller carbon footprint than local winter tomatoes ⑥grown in a greenhouse. In the United Kingdom, lamb meat that travels 11,000 miles from New Zealand ⑦generating only one­quarter the carbon emissions per pound ⑧compared to British lamb because farmers in the United Kingdom raise their animals on feed (which must be produced ⑨using fossil fuels) rather than on clover pastureland. 
 When food does travel, what matters most ⑩is not the distance ⑪travel but the travel mode (surface versus air), and most of all the load size. Bulk loads of food can travel halfway around the world by ocean freight with a smaller carbon footprint, per pound ⑫delivered, than foods ⑬travel just a short distance but in much smaller loads. For example, 18­ wheelers carry much larger loads than pickup trucks so they can move food 100 times as far while ⑭burning only one­-third as much gas per pound of food ⑮delivered.  

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

①that / ②are / ④is /  ⑦generates / ⑪traveled / ⑬traveling

 

 

43~45.

Long ago, an old man built a grand temple at the center of his village. People traveled to worship at the temple. So the old man made arrangements for food and accommodation inside the temple itself. He needed someone who could look after the temple, so he put up a notice: Manager needed. ①Seeing the notice, many people went to the old man. But he returned all the applicants after interviews, ②told them, “I need a ③qualified person for this work.” The old man would sit on the roof of his house every morning, ④watch people go through the temple doors. One day, he saw a young man come to the temple. When that young man left the temple, the old man called him and asked, “Will you take care of this temple?” The young man was surprised by the offer and replied, “I have no experience ⑤cared for a temple. I’m not even ⑥educated.” The old man smiled and said, “I don’t want any ⑦educated man. I want a ⑧qualified person.” ⑨Confused, the young man asked, “But why do you consider me a ⑩qualified person?” The old man replied, “I buried a brick on the path to the temple. I watched for many days as people tripped over that brick. No one thought to remove it. But you dug up that brick.” The young man said, “I haven’t done anything ⑪greatly. It’s the duty ⑫of every human being to think about others. I only did my duty.” The old man smiled and said, “Only people who know their duty and perform it ⑬is qualified people.” 

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

②telling / ④watching / ⑤caring / ⑪great / ⑬are

모의고사변형문제월드 미키박쌤

 

 

지금까지 모의고사변형문제월드 미키박쌤의

2023년 9월 고1 모의고사 변형문제 중 어법성 판단 유형 문제 및 정답 자료였습니다.

 

다른 유형문제 자료 및 유용한 해설 자료들도 확인해보실까요?

 

 

 

그리고,

구글, 다음, 네이버, 유튜브에서 모의고사변형문제월드 미키박쌤이라고 검색하시면

정말 많은 모의고사 변형문제 자료들을 무료로 활용하실 수 있습니다.

 

 

그리고, 영문법에 대한 유용한 자료는

재미짐영어 미키박쌤을 확인해보세요.

 

목동 미키박쌤의 재미짐영어

 

감사합니다!