미키박영어 2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형)

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형)와 정답자료가 필요하시다고요?

 

걱정 마세요! 모의고사변형문제월드 미키박영어가 해결해 드립니다!

 

 

 

 

 

미키박영어 2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제

 

 

 

3등급도 전교 1등으로! (서울  영일고, 송도 박문여고)

3등급도 전교 2등으로! (서울  목동고)

5등급도 1등급으로! (서울  진명여고)

3등급도 1등급으로! (서울 마포고, 서울 신도림고)

 

모두가 모의고사변형문제월드 미키박영어와 함께 한 결과입니다.

 

 

 

 

목동 현대파리지앙 409호 미키박영어 (010 6693 6636)

 

 

오늘은 2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형)와 정답자료를 제공해 드립니다.

 

 

 

수능 유형 중 가장 최근 유형이죠?

 

밑줄 친 부분의 의미를 글의 내용상에서 파악해야 하는 고난도 유형입니다.

 

절대로, 밑줄 친 부분만으로 판단하면 맞출 수 없는 문제입니다.

 

글 전체의 내용을 제대로 파악한 상태에서 밑줄 친 부분이 어떤 의미인지를 파악해야 합니다.

 

21번 3점으로 출제되며, 매년 수능 최다 오답률 Top 5 안에 들어가는 고난도 유형입니다.

 

그래서, 학교 시험에서도 이런 유형의 문제가 출제되는 경우가 많죠?

 

모의고사변형문제월드 미키박영어가 이를 대비한 자료를 전부 무료로 제공해 드립니다.

 

이에 대한 선행 연습을 하고 싶으신 분들은 다음을 먼저 확인하신 후, 문제를 푸는 걸 추천드립니다.

 

 

미키박영어 2023년11월고2모의고사핵심자료[밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론하기]

 

 

그럼 시작할까요?

 

 

 

 

 

 

Here we go!

 

 

 

미키박영어 2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제

 

 

 

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [18번]

 

다음 밑줄 친 "I am constantly being disrupted by individuals playing basketball late at night"가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

 

To whom it may concern,

I am writing to inform you of an ongoing noise issue that I am experiencing. My apartment faces the basketball courts of the community center. While I fully support the community center’s services, I am constantly being disrupted by individuals playing basketball late at night. Many nights, I struggle to fall asleep because I can hear people bouncing balls and shouting on the basketball courts well after 11 p.m. Could you restrict the time the basketball court is open to before 9 p.m.? I’m sure I’m not the only person in the neighborhood that is affected by this noise issue. I appreciate your assistance.

 

Sincerely,

Ian Baldwin

 

① The writer feels grateful for the energetic community activities around the neighborhood.

② The writer is annoyed by the noise of the basketball courts during the late hours.

③ The writer wants to join the late-night basketball games to engage with the community.

④ The writer is indifferent to the noise issue but writes on behalf of the neighbors.

⑤ The writer supports extending the basketball court hours for community benefit.

 

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

② The writer is annoyed by the noise of the basketball courts during the late hours.

② 작가는 늦은 시간에 농구 코트의 소음에 짜증이 납니다.

 

① 작가는 동네 곳곳의 활기찬 커뮤니티 활동에 감사함을 느낍니다.
③ 작가는 지역사회와 소통하기 위해 심야 농구 경기에 참여하고 싶어합니다.
④ 필자는 소음 문제에는 무관심하지만 이웃을 대신해 글을 씁니다.
⑤ 필자는 지역사회의 이익을 위해 농구 코트 영업 시간을 연장하는 것을 지지합니다.

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [19번]

다음 밑줄 친 "What panicked him awfully a moment ago vanished into thin air."가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

 

Chaske, a Cherokee boy, was sitting on a tree stump. As a rite of passage for youths in his tribe, Chaske had to survive one night in the forest wearing a blindfold, not knowing he was observed by his father. After the sunset, Chaske could hear all kinds of noises. The wind blew the grass and shook his stump. A sense of dread swept through his body. What if wild beasts are looking at me? I can’t stand this! Just as he was about to take off the blindfold to run away, a voice came in from somewhere. “I’m here around you. Don’t give up, and complete your mission.” It was his father’s voice. He has been watching me from nearby! With just the presence of his father, the boy regained stability. What panicked him awfully a moment ago vanished into thin air. 

① Having courage in the face of difficulties makes challenges disappear altogether.

② External support can dissolve even the strongest fears and anxieties.

③ Overcoming panic comes naturally when one gains trust in their abilities.

④ Strong determination is the key to eliminating emotional struggles.

⑤ A rite of passage removes all mental barriers for young individuals.

 

 

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

② External support can dissolve even the strongest fears and anxieties.

② 외부의 지원은 가장 강력한 두려움과 불안감도 해소할 수 있습니다.

 

① 어려움에 직면했을 때 용기를 내면 도전이 완전히 사라지게 됩니다.
③ 공황 극복은 자신의 능력에 대한 신뢰를 얻을 때 자연스럽게 이루어집니다.
④ 강한 결단력은 정서적 어려움을 없애는 열쇠입니다.
⑤ 통과의례는 젊은 사람들의 모든 정신적 장벽을 제거합니다.

 

 

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [20번]

밑줄 친 “it is essential to find sustainable solutions to address the challenges facing agriculture”가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

Agriculture includes a range of activities such as planting, harvesting, fertilizing, pest management, raising animals, and distributing food and agricultural products. It is one of the oldest and most essential human activities, dating back thousands of years, and has played a critical role in the development of human civilizations, allowing people to create stable food supplies and settle in one place. Today, agriculture remains a vital industry that feeds the world’s population, supports rural communities, and provides raw materials for other industries. However, agriculture faces numerous challenges such as climate change, water scarcity, soil degradation, and biodiversity loss. As the world’s population continues to grow, it is essential to find sustainable solutions to address the challenges facing agriculture and ensure the continued production of food and other agricultural products.

① Developing innovative farming technologies is the key to overcoming all challenges.

② Maintaining traditional agricultural methods is the best way to address global issues.

③ Solving agricultural problems in an eco-friendly way is crucial for future survival.

④ Expanding agricultural production is necessary to resolve food supply shortages.

⑤ Focusing on local food production will eliminate all agricultural challenges.

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

③ Solving agricultural problems in an eco-friendly way is crucial for future survival.

③ 농업 문제를 친환경적인 방식으로 해결하는 것은 미래 생존에 매우 중요합니다.

 

① 혁신적인 농업 기술을 개발하는 것이 모든 과제를 극복하는 열쇠입니다.
② 전통적인 농업 방식을 유지하는 것이 글로벌 이슈를 해결하는 가장 좋은 방법입니다.
④ 식량 공급 부족을 해결하려면 농업 생산을 확대해야 합니다.
⑤ 현지 식량 생산에 집중하면 모든 농업 문제가 사라질 것입니다.

 

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [22번]

밑줄 친 “Public clocks thus greatly contributed to public life and work by providing a new concept of time that was easy for everyone to understand”가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

Many historians have pointed to the significance of accurate time measurement to Western economic progress. The French historian Jacques Le Goff called the birth of the public mechanical clock a turning point in Western society. Until the late Middle Ages, people had sun or water clocks, which did not play any meaningful role in business activities. Market openings and activities started with the sunrise and typically ended at noon when the sun was at its peak. But when the first public mechanical clocks were introduced and spread across European cities, market times were set by the stroke of the hour. Public clocks thus greatly contributed to public life and work by providing a new concept of time that was easy for everyone to understand. This, in turn, helped facilitate trade and commerce. Interactions and transactions between consumers, retailers, and wholesalers became less irregular. Important town meetings began to follow the pace of the clock, allowing people to better plan their time and allocate resources in a more efficient manner.

① Public clocks created a universal standard that allowed people to synchronize their schedules effectively.

② The invention of public clocks improved the accuracy of measuring seasonal changes.

③ Public clocks eliminated the reliance on natural indicators such as the sun and water.

④ The rise of public clocks discouraged informal business practices in medieval societies.

⑤ Public clocks replaced traditional tools for understanding time with complex systems.

정답은?

 

 

미키박영어 2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제

 

 

 

 

① Public clocks created a universal standard that allowed people to synchronize their schedules effectively.

① 공개 시계는 사람들이 일정을 효과적으로 동기화할 수 있는 보편적인 표준을 만들었습니다.

 

② 공공 시계의 발명은 계절 변화를 측정하는 정확도를 향상시켰습니다.
③ 공공 시계 덕분에 태양과 물과 같은 자연 지표에 대한 의존도가 사라졌습니다.
④ 공공 시계의 등장으로 중세 사회에서는 비공식적인 비즈니스 관행이 사라졌습니다.
⑤ 공개 시계는 시간을 이해하는 기존 도구를 복잡한 시스템으로 대체했습니다.

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [23번]

밑줄 친 “A few shills disguised as regular shoppers easily accomplished what logic, explanations, and advertisements failed to do”가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

 

Sylvan Goldman invented the shopping cart and introduced it in his stores in 1937. It was an excellent device that would make it easy for shoppers to buy as much as they wanted without getting tired or seeking others’ help. But Goldman discovered that in spite of his repeated advertisements and explanations, he could not persuade his shoppers to use the wheeled carts. Men were reluctant because they thought they would appear weak if they pushed such carts instead of carrying their shopping. Women wouldn’t touch them because the carts reminded them of baby carriages. It was only a few elderly shoppers who used them. That made the carts even less attractive to the majority of the shoppers. Then Goldman hit upon an idea. He hired several models, men and women, of different ages and asked them to wheel the carts in the store and shop. A young woman employee standing near the entrance told the regular shoppers, ‘Look, everyone is using the carts. Why don’t you?’ That was the turning point. A few shills disguised as regular shoppers easily accomplished what logic, explanations, and advertisements failed to do. Within a few weeks shoppers readily accepted those carts.

 

① Practical demonstrations often outperform theoretical persuasion in influencing behavior.

② Elderly shoppers are more likely to adopt new devices due to their simplicity.

③ Logic and advertisements are ineffective tools for introducing new products.

④ Shopping carts gained popularity through enhanced functionality and redesign.

⑤ Peer pressure plays a minor role in encouraging changes in consumer behavior.

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

① Practical demonstrations often outperform theoretical persuasion in influencing behavior.

① 실제 시연은 행동에 영향을 미치는 데 있어 이론적 설득력을 능가하는 경우가 많습니다.

② 노년층 쇼핑객은 단순하기 때문에 새로운 기기를 채택할 가능성이 높습니다.
③ 논리와 광고는 신제품을 소개하는 데 비효율적인 도구입니다.
④ 쇼핑 카트는 향상된 기능과 재설계를 통해 인기를 얻었습니다.
⑤ 동료의 압력은 소비자 행동의 변화를 촉진하는 데 작은 역할을 합니다.

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [24번]

밑줄 친 “robots are false friends, inferior to true friendship”가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

 

In response to human‑like care robots, critics might charge that human‑robot interactions create moral hazards for dementia patients. Even if deception is sometimes allowed when it serves worthy goals, should it be allowed for vulnerable users? Just as children on the autism spectrum with robot companions might be easily fooled into thinking of robots as friends, older adults with cognitive deficits might be. According to Alexis Elder, a professor at UMD, robots are false friends, inferior to true friendship. Reasoning along similar lines, John Sullins, a professor at Sonoma State University, holds that robots should “remain iconic or cartoonish so that they are easily distinguished as synthetic even by unsophisticated users.” At least then no one is fooled. Making robots clearly fake also avoids the so‑called “uncanny valley,” where robots are perceived as scary because they so closely resemble us, but not quite. Other critics of robot deception argue that when care recipients are deceived into thinking that robots care, this crosses a line and violates human dignity.

 

① Robots lack the emotional and moral depth required for genuine companionship.

② The uncanny resemblance of robots to humans makes them more acceptable as friends.

③ Care robots should only be used for functional purposes, not emotional connections.

④ Robots should be designed to mimic human behaviors as closely as possible.

⑤ Human‑robot interactions are always detrimental to users with cognitive deficits.

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

① Robots lack the emotional and moral depth required for genuine companionship.

① 로봇은 진정한 동반자 관계에 필요한 정서적, 도덕적 깊이가 부족합니다.

② 로봇이 인간과 기묘한 유사성으로 인해 친구로서 더 잘 받아들여질 수 있습니다.
③ 케어 로봇은 정서적 연결이 아닌 기능적 목적으로만 사용해야 합니다.
④ 로봇은 인간의 행동을 최대한 가깝게 모방하도록 설계되어야 합니다.
⑤ 인간과 로봇의 상호작용은 인지 기능이 부족한 사용자에게 항상 해롭습니다.

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [29번]

밑줄 친 “lectins, once eaten, may be damaging the gut and travelling to the brain, where they appear to be toxic to dopaminergic neurons”가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

 

Lectins are large proteins that serve as a crucial weapon that plants use to defend themselves. The lectins in most plants bind to carbohydrates as we consume the plant. They also bind to sugar molecules found in the gut, in the brain, between nerve endings, in joints and in all bodily fluids. According to Dr. Steven Gundry, these sticky proteins can interrupt messaging between cells and cause toxic and inflammatory reactions. Brain fog is just one result of lectins interrupting communication between nerves. An upset stomach is another common symptom of lectin overload. Dr. Gundry lists a wide range of other health problems including aching joints, dementia, headaches and infertility that have been resolved in his patients once they eliminated lectins from their diets. Dr. Paul Saladino writes that the hypothesis that lectins are involved in Parkinson’s disease is also gaining support, with animal studies showing that ‘lectins, once eaten, may be damaging the gut and travelling to the brain, where they appear to be toxic to dopaminergic neurons’.

 

① Consuming lectins disrupts cellular communication in the brain, leading to neurological diseases.

② Lectins play a role in reducing inflammation and improving brain health.

③ Dopaminergic neurons benefit from the sugar-binding properties of lectins.

④ Lectins enhance the body’s immune response by targeting carbohydrates in the gut.

⑤ Dietary lectins are harmless to the human nervous system when consumed in moderation.

정답은?

 

 

 

미키박영어 2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제

 

 

 

① Consuming lectins disrupts cellular communication in the brain, leading to neurological diseases.

① 렉틴을 섭취하면 뇌의 세포 소통이 방해되어 신경 질환으로 이어집니다.

② 렉틴은 염증을 줄이고 뇌 건강을 개선하는 역할을 합니다.
③ 도파민 신경세포는 렉틴의 당 결합 특성의 이점을 누리고 있습니다.
④ 렉틴은 장내 탄수화물을 표적으로 삼아 신체의 면역 반응을 향상시킵니다.
⑤ 식이 렉틴은 적당히 섭취하면 인체 신경계에 무해합니다.

 

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [30번]

밑줄 친 “giving up the right not to be observed in these circumstances causes less harm to the community than failing to have surveillance”가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

 

Technology changes how individuals and societies understand the concept of privacy. The fact that someone has a new ability to access information or watch the actions of another does not justify doing so. Rather, advances in technology require citizens and policy makers to consider how privacy protections should be expanded. For example, when cameras first became available for commercial and private use, nations and citizens struggled over whether new laws should be enacted to protect individuals from being photographed without their permission. The reconsideration of privacy brought about by this new technology re‑affirmed a distinction between private and public spaces. It was determined by most cultures that people automatically gave consent to being seen—and thus recorded—once they voluntarily stepped into a public space. Although some people might be uncomfortable with the spread of surveillance cameras, citizens in most cultures have adjusted to the fact that giving up the right not to be observed in these circumstances causes less harm to the community than failing to have surveillance.

 

① Sacrificing some personal privacy can lead to greater public safety and community benefits.

② The presence of surveillance cameras has eliminated the need for privacy laws in public spaces.

③ Observing individuals in public spaces violates ethical norms regardless of circumstances.

④ The lack of surveillance measures has minimal impact on societal safety and well-being.

⑤ Expanding surveillance technologies strengthens privacy rights in private spaces.

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

① Sacrificing some personal privacy can lead to greater public safety and community benefits.

① 개인 정보 보호를 일부 희생하면 공공 안전과 지역 사회의 이익이 증가할 수 있습니다.

② 감시 카메라의 존재로 인해 공공장소에서 개인정보 보호법이 필요하지 않게 되었습니다.
③ 공공장소에서 개인을 관찰하는 것은 상황에 관계없이 윤리적 규범을 위반하는 것입니다.
④ 감시 조치가 없기 때문에 사회 안전과 복지에 미치는 영향은 미미합니다.
⑤ 감시 기술을 확장하면 개인 공간의 프라이버시 권리가 강화됩니다.

 

 

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [31번]

밑줄 친 “The miracle, then, is the excuse of those who are too lazy to think”가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

 

Coincidence that is statistically impossible seems to us like an irrational event, and some define it as a miracle. But, as Montaigne has said, “the origin of a miracle is in our ignorance, at the level of our knowledge of nature, and not in nature itself.” Glorious miracles have been later on discovered to be obedience to the laws of nature or a technological development that was not widely known at the time. As the German poet, Goethe, phrased it: “Things that are mysterious are not yet miracles.” The miracle assumes the intervention of a ”higher power“ in its occurrence that is beyond human capability to grasp. Yet there are methodical and simple ways to ”cause a miracle“ without divine revelation and inspiration. Instead of checking it out, investigating and finding the source of the event, we define it as a miracle. The miracle, then, is the excuse of those who are too lazy to think.

 

① Believing in miracles often stems from a lack of effort to seek logical explanations.

② Miracles represent a fundamental truth that science and logic cannot comprehend.

③ The concept of miracles has always been tied to advancements in human knowledge.

④ Miracles are events that defy the laws of nature and require divine intervention.

⑤ Acknowledging miracles helps expand the boundaries of scientific discovery.

정답은?

 

 

미키박영어 2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제

 

 

 

 

① Believing in miracles often stems from a lack of effort to seek logical explanations.

① 기적을 믿는다는 것은 논리적 설명을 추구하려는 노력의 부족에서 비롯된 경우가 많습니다.

② 기적은 과학과 논리가 이해할 수 없는 근본적인 진리를 나타냅니다.
③ 기적의 개념은 항상 인간 지식의 발전과 관련이 있습니다.
④ 기적은 자연의 법칙을 거스르는 사건이며 신성한 개입이 필요합니다.
⑤ 기적을 인정하면 과학적 발견의 경계를 넓히는 데 도움이 됩니다.

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [32번]

밑줄 친 “Over time, the witness may not even know the source of information that led to the (new) memory”가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

 

Information encountered after an event can influence subsequent remembering. External information can easily integrate into a witness’s memory, especially if the event was poorly encoded or the memory is from a distant event, in which case time and forgetting have degraded the original memory. With reduced information available in memory with which to confirm the validity of post‑event misinformation, it is less likely that this new information will be rejected. Instead, especially when it fits the witness’s current thinking and can be used to create a story that makes sense to him or her, it may be integrated as part of the original experience. This process can be explicit (i.e., the witness knows it is happening), but it is often unconscious. That is, the witness might find himself or herself thinking about the event differently without awareness. Over time, the witness may not even know the source of information that led to the (new) memory. Sources of misinformation in forensic contexts can be encountered anywhere, from discussions with other witnesses to social media searches to multiple interviews with investigators or other legal professionals, and even in court.

 

① Witnesses often combine accurate recollections with fabricated details without realizing it.

② External influences rarely affect how witnesses reconstruct their past experiences.

③ Memory alterations occur consciously when witnesses engage in social discussions.

④ Witnesses tend to identify the original source of false information over time.

⑤ The influence of misinformation on memory becomes less significant over time.

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

① Witnesses often combine accurate recollections with fabricated details without realizing it.

① 목격자들은 자신도 모르게 정확한 기억과 조작된 세부 사항을 결합하는 경우가 많습니다.

② 외부의 영향은 목격자가 과거 경험을 재구성하는 방식에 거의 영향을 미치지 않습니다.
③ 기억력 변화는 목격자가 사회적 토론에 참여할 때 의식적으로 발생합니다.
④ 증인은 시간이 지남에 따라 허위 정보의 원본 출처를 식별하는 경향이 있습니다.
⑤ 잘못된 정보가 기억에 미치는 영향은 시간이 지남에 따라 덜 중요해집니다.

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [33번]

밑줄 친 “Quickly we are caught in a web of competing causal hypotheses”가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

 

Correlations are powerful because the insights they offer are relatively clear. These insights are often covered up when we bring causality back into the picture. For instance, a used‑car dealer supplied data to statisticians to predict which of the vehicles available for purchase at an auction were likely to have problems. A correlation analysis showed that orange‑colored cars were far less likely to have defects. Even as we read this, we already think about why it might be so: Are orange‑colored car owners likely to be car enthusiasts and take better care of their vehicles? Or, is it because orange‑colored cars are more noticeable on the road and therefore less likely to be in accidents, so they’re in better condition when resold? Quickly we are caught in a web of competing causal hypotheses. But our attempts to illuminate things this way only make them cloudier. Correlations exist; we can show them mathematically. We can’t easily do the same for causal links. So we would do well to hold off from trying to explain the reason behind the correlations.

 

① People tend to create multiple unverified explanations when faced with unexplained patterns.

② Hypothesizing about causal relationships simplifies the understanding of correlations.

③ A clear causal link is essential to confirm the reliability of a statistical correlation.

④ Establishing causality in statistical studies usually results in clear and definitive answers.

⑤ Correlation data is often too complex to interpret without causal explanations.

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

⑤ Correlation data is often too complex to interpret without causal explanations.

⑤ 상관관계 데이터는 종종 인과관계 설명 없이 해석하기에는 너무 복잡합니다.

 

① 사람들은 설명할 수 없는 패턴에 직면했을 때 검증되지 않은 여러 가지 설명을 만드는 경향이 있습니다.
② 인과 관계에 대한 가설을 세우면 상관 관계에 대한 이해가 간단해집니다.
③ 통계적 상관관계의 신뢰성을 확인하려면 명확한 인과관계가 필수적입니다.
④ 통계 연구에서 인과관계를 확립하면 일반적으로 명확하고 확실한 답을 얻을 수 있습니다.

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [34번]

밑줄 친 “The average life span of an animal species, or the rate at which it ages, is determined by the average time that this animal species can survive in the wild”가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

 

Most mice in the wild are eaten or die before their life span of two years is over. They die from external causes, such as disease, starvation, or predators, not due to internal causes, such as aging. That is why nature has made mice to live, on average, for no longer than two years. Now we have arrived at an important point: The average life span of an animal species, or the rate at which it ages, is determined by the average time that this animal species can survive in the wild. That explains why a bat can live to be 30 years old. In contrast to mice, bats can fly, which is why they can escape from danger much faster. Thanks to their wings, bats can also cover longer distances and are better able to find food. Every genetic change in the past that made it possible for a bat to live longer was useful, because bats are much better able than mice to flee from danger, find food, and survive.

 

① The life expectancy of animals depends largely on their ability to find food and escape predators.

② Animals with slower aging processes are less likely to survive in harsh environments.

③ The life span of a species is unrelated to its external threats or survival challenges.

④ Longer life spans are achieved only in species that adapt their aging rate to environmental changes.

⑤ Predation has minimal impact on the life expectancy of most animal species.

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

① The life expectancy of animals depends largely on their ability to find food and escape predators.

① 동물의 기대 수명은 주로 먹이를 찾고 포식자를 피하는 능력에 달려 있습니다.

② 노화 과정이 느린 동물은 혹독한 환경에서 생존할 가능성이 낮습니다.
③ 종의 수명은 외부 위협이나 생존 문제와 관련이 없습니다.
④ 노화 속도를 환경 변화에 적응시키는 종에서만 수명이 길어집니다.
⑤ 포식은 대부분의 동물 종의 기대 수명에 최소한의 영향을 미칩니다.

 

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [35번]

밑줄 친 “The advantage of this new understanding is that we can be a bit more optimistic than Aristotle and Freud about being able to teach moral excellence”가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

 

Moral excellence, according to Aristotle, is the result of habit and repetition, though modern science would also suggest that it may have an innate, genetic component. This means that moral excellence will be broadly set early in our lives, which is why the question of how early to teach it is so important. Freud suggested that we don’t change our personality much after age five or thereabouts, but as in many other things, Freud was wrong. Recent psychological research shows that personality traits stabilize around age thirty in both men and women and regardless of ethnicity as the human brain continues to develop, both neuroanatomically and in terms of cognitive skills, until the mid‑twenties. The advantage of this new understanding is that we can be a bit more optimistic than Aristotle and Freud about being able to teach moral excellence.

 

① People can develop moral character through ongoing education and brain development.

② Moral values are completely determined by genetic factors and early childhood habits.

③ Aristotle and Freud's theories on morality remain the most accurate to date.

④ The potential to teach moral excellence diminishes significantly after early childhood.

⑤ Modern research indicates that personality traits are fixed and unchangeable by age thirty.

정답은?

 

 

미키박영어 2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제

 

 

 

 

④ The potential to teach moral excellence diminishes significantly after early childhood.

④ 유아기 이후에는 도덕적 우수성을 가르칠 수 있는 잠재력이 현저히 감소합니다.

 

① 사람들은 지속적인 교육과 두뇌 발달을 통해 도덕적 인성을 키울 수 있습니다.
② 도덕적 가치관은 유전적 요인과 유아기 습관에 의해 완전히 결정됩니다.
③ 도덕성에 관한 아리스토텔레스와 프로이트의 이론은 지금까지 가장 정확하게 남아 있습니다.
⑤ 현대 연구에 따르면 성격 특성은 서른 살까지 고정되어 있고 변하지 않는 것으로 나타났습니다.

 

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [36번]

밑줄 친 “The size of a species is not accidental. It’s a fine‑tuned interaction between a species and the world it inhabits”가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

 

The size of a species is not accidental. It’s a fine‑tuned interaction between a species and the world it inhabits. Over large periods of time, size fluctuations have often signalled significant changes in the environment. Generally speaking, over the last five hundred million years, the trend has been towards animals getting larger. It’s particularly notable in marine animals, whose average body size has increased 150‑fold in this time. But we are beginning to see changes in this trend. Scientists have discovered that many animals are shrinking. Around the world, species in every category have been found to be getting smaller, and one major cause appears to be the heat. Animals living in the Italian Alps, for example, have seen temperatures rise by three to four degrees Celsius since the 1980s. To avoid overheating, chamois goats now spend more of their days resting rather than searching for food, and as a result, in just a few decades, the new generations of chamois are 25 percent smaller.

 

① A species’ size reflects how it adapts to environmental challenges and resources.

② The interaction between a species and its habitat rarely affects its physical characteristics.

③ Animals’ body sizes are determined entirely by genetic factors, not external conditions.

④ The size of marine animals has remained constant over millions of years.

⑤ Environmental changes often have little impact on the physical features of a species.

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

④ The size of marine animals has remained constant over millions of years.

④ 해양 동물의 크기는 수백만 년 동안 일정하게 유지되어 왔습니다.

 

① 종의 크기는 환경 문제와 자원에 적응하는 방식을 반영합니다.
② 종과 서식지 간의 상호작용은 그 물리적 특성에 거의 영향을 미치지 않습니다.
③ 동물의 신체 크기는 외부 조건이 아닌 유전적 요인에 의해 전적으로 결정됩니다.
⑤ 환경 변화는 종종 종의 신체적 특징에 거의 영향을 미치지 않습니다.

 

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [37번]

밑줄 친 “Having the full (or close to the full) dataset provides a lot more freedom to explore, to look at the data from different angles or to look closer at certain aspects of it”가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

 

For a long time, random sampling was a good shortcut. It made analysis of large data problems possible in the pre‑digital era. But much as converting a digital image or song into a smaller file results in loss of data, information is lost when sampling. Having the full (or close to the full) dataset provides a lot more freedom to explore, to look at the data from different angles or to look closer at certain aspects of it. A fitting example may be the light‑field camera, which captures not just a single plane of light, as with conventional cameras, but rays from the entire light field, some 11 million of them. The photographers can decide later which element of an image to focus on in the digital file. There is no need to focus at the beginning, since collecting all the information makes it possible to do that afterwards. Because rays from the entire light field are included, it is closer to all the data. As a result, the information is more “reuseable” than ordinary pictures, where the photographer has to decide what to focus on before she presses the shutter.

 

① Having access to the complete dataset allows for greater flexibility in analysis and decision-making.

② Using full datasets eliminates any need for data sampling in digital analysis.

③ Random sampling is always more effective than working with full datasets.

④ Data from the full dataset tends to be harder to interpret due to its complexity.

⑤ Collecting all the data results in fewer meaningful insights compared to sampling.

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

④ Data from the full dataset tends to be harder to interpret due to its complexity.

④ 전체 데이터 세트의 데이터는 복잡하기 때문에 해석하기 어려운 경향이 있습니다.

 

① 전체 데이터 세트에 액세스하면 분석 및 의사 결정에 있어 더 큰 유연성을 확보할 수 있습니다.
② 전체 데이터 세트를 사용하면 디지털 분석에서 데이터 샘플링이 필요하지 않습니다.
③ 무작위 샘플링은 전체 데이터 세트로 작업하는 것보다 항상 더 효과적입니다.
⑤ 모든 데이터를 수집하면 샘플링에 비해 의미 있는 인사이트가 줄어듭니다.

 

 

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [38번]

밑줄 친 “servant leadership requires humility, but that humility ultimately pays off”가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

 

Introverted leaders do have to overcome the strong cultural presumption that extroverts are more effective leaders. Although the population splits into almost equal parts between introverts and extroverts, more than 96 percent of managers and executives are extroverted. In a study done in 2006, 65 percent of senior corporate executives viewed introversion as a barrier to leadership. We must reexamine this stereotype, however, as it doesn’t always hold true. Regent University found that a desire to be of service to others and to empower them to grow, which is more common among introverts than extroverts, is a key factor in becoming a leader and retaining leadership. So‑called servant leadership, dating back to ancient philosophical literature, adheres to the belief that a company’s goals are best achieved by helping workers or customers achieve their goals. Such leaders do not seek attention but rather want to shine a light on others’ wins and achievements; servant leadership requires humility, but that humility ultimately pays off.

 

① Leaders who prioritize others’ success can achieve long-term organizational benefits.

② Humility in leadership results in a lack of recognition for individual achievements.

③ Servant leadership is outdated and no longer effective in modern organizations.

④ Introverted leaders must adopt extroverted traits to succeed in competitive environments.

⑤ Humble leaders often struggle to balance their humility with corporate goals.

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

① Leaders who prioritize others’ success can achieve long-term organizational benefits.

① 다른 사람의 성공을 우선시하는 리더는 장기적인 조직적 이익을 얻을 수 있습니다.

② 리더십의 겸손함은 개인의 업적에 대한 인정 부족으로 이어집니다.
③ 서번트 리더십은 구식이며 현대 조직에서는 더 이상 효과적이지 않습니다.
④ 내성적인 리더는 경쟁 환경에서 성공하기 위해 외향적인 특성을 채택해야 합니다.
⑤ 겸손한 리더는 겸손함과 기업 목표의 균형을 맞추기 위해 고군분투하는 경우가 많습니다.

 

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [39번]

밑줄 친 sometimes “more is greater than better.”가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

 

By the nineteenth century, France had developed a system of precisely defined units of measurement to capture space, time, and more, and had begun to get other nations to adopt the same standards. Just half a century later, in the 1920s, the discoveries of quantum mechanics forever destroyed the dream of comprehensive and perfect measurement. And yet, outside a relatively small circle of physicists, the mindset of humankind’s drive to flawlessly measure continued among engineers and scientists. In the world of business it even expanded, as the precision‑oriented sciences of mathematics and statistics began to influence all areas of commerce. However, contrary to the trend of the past several decades, in many new situations that are occurring today, allowing for imprecision—for messiness—may be a positive feature, not a shortcoming. As a tradeoff for relaxing the standards of allowable errors, one can get a hold of much more data. It isn’t just that “more is better than some,” but that, in fact, sometimes “more is greater than better.”

 

① Collecting a larger amount of data can sometimes be more advantageous than ensuring precise measurements.

② Precision in measurement is always preferable to gathering imprecise or excessive data.

③ Businesses benefit most from maintaining strict accuracy rather than exploring broader datasets.

④ Large datasets are often less effective than precisely measured smaller datasets in complex systems.

⑤ Imprecision in data collection always leads to less accurate outcomes and poorer results.

 

정답은?

 

 

 

미키박영어 2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제

 

 

 

③ Businesses benefit most from maintaining strict accuracy rather than exploring broader datasets.

③ 기업은 더 광범위한 데이터 세트를 탐색하는 대신 엄격한 정확도를 유지함으로써 가장 큰 이점을 얻습니다.

 

① 더 많은 양의 데이터를 수집하는 것이 정확한 측정을 보장하는 것보다 더 유리할 수 있습니다.
② 측정의 정밀성은 항상 부정확하거나 과도한 데이터를 수집하는 것보다 더 좋습니다.
④ 대규모 데이터 세트는 복잡한 시스템에서 정밀하게 측정된 소규모 데이터 세트보다 덜 효과적인 경우가 많습니다.
⑤ 데이터 수집의 부정확성은 항상 정확도가 떨어지고 결과가 악화됩니다.

 

 

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [40번]

밑줄 친 “Uncooperative people tend to receive verbal criticism or even more severe punishment”가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

 

Multiple laboratory studies show that cooperative people tend to receive social advantages from others. One way to demonstrate this is to give people the opportunity to act positively or negatively toward contributors. For example, Pat Barclay, a professor at the University of Guelph, had participants play a cooperative game where people could contribute money toward a group fund which helped all group members, and then allowed participants to give money to other participants based on their reputations. People who contributed more to the group fund were given responsibility for more money than people who contributed less. Similar results have been found by other researchers. People who contribute toward their groups are also chosen more often as interaction partners, preferred as leaders, rated as more desirable partners for long‑term relationships, and are perceived to be trustworthy and have high social status. Uncooperative people tend to receive verbal criticism or even more severe punishment.

 

① Uncooperative individuals often gain trust through selective actions.

② Negative social feedback discourages uncooperative behavior in group settings.

③ Cooperative behavior is less likely to influence leadership roles or social status.

④ Financial contributions rarely impact perceptions of trustworthiness.

⑤ Social groups impose penalties to discourage selfish behavior and promote collaboration.

 

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

⑤ Social groups impose penalties to discourage selfish behavior and promote collaboration.

⑤ 소셜 그룹은 이기적인 행동을 막고 협력을 촉진하기 위해 처벌을 부과합니다.

 

① 비협조적인 개인은 종종 선택적인 행동을 통해 신뢰를 얻습니다.
② 부정적인 사회적 피드백은 그룹 환경에서 비협조적인 행동을 방해합니다.
③ 협력적 행동은 리더십 역할이나 사회적 지위에 영향을 미칠 가능성이 낮습니다.
④ 재정적 기여는 신뢰성에 대한 인식에 거의 영향을 미치지 않습니다.

 

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [41~42번]

밑줄 친 “audiences seem to greatly value opportunities to have special ”access“ to performers”가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

 

In Western society, many music performance settings make a clear distinction between performers and audience members: the performers are the ”doers“ and those in the audience take a decidedly passive role. The performance space itself may further reinforce the distinction with a physical separation between the stage and audience seating. Perhaps because this distinction is so common, audiences seem to greatly value opportunities to have special ”access“ to performers that affords understanding about performers’ style of music. Some performing musicians have won great approval by regularly incorporating ”audience participation“ into their concerts. Whether by leading a sing‑along activity or teaching a rhythm to be clapped at certain points, including audience members in the music making can boost the level of engagement and enjoyment for all involved. Performers who are uncomfortable leading audience participation can still connect with the audience simply by giving a special glimpse of the performer perspective. It is quite common in classical music to provide audiences with program notes. Typically, this text in a program gives background information about pieces of music being performed and perhaps biographical information about historically significant composers. What may be of more interest to audience members is background information about the very performers who are onstage, including an explanation of why they have chosen the music they are presenting. Such insight can make audience members feel closer to the musicians onstage, both metaphorically and emotionally. This connection will likely enhance the expressive and communicative experience.

 

① Audiences prefer performers who maintain a strong sense of professionalism and distance.

② Gaining personal insights about performers enhances the audience’s engagement and appreciation.

③ Physical separation between performers and the audience ensures a more structured experience.

④ Audience participation activities tend to distract from the overall musical performance.

⑤ Performers should avoid sharing personal details to maintain their professional image.

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

② Gaining personal insights about performers enhances the audience’s engagement and appreciation.

② 공연자에 대한 개인적인 인사이트를 확보하면 관객의 참여와 감상력이 향상됩니다.

 

① 관객은 강한 전문성과 거리감을 유지하는 연기자를 선호합니다.
③ 공연자와 관객 사이의 물리적 분리는 보다 체계적인 경험을 보장합니다.
④ 관객 참여 활동은 전반적인 음악 공연에 방해가 되는 경향이 있습니다.
⑤ 출연자는 직업적 이미지를 유지하기 위해 개인 정보를 공유하지 않아야 합니다.

 

 

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형) [43~45번]

밑줄 친 “The fence leads to isolation and the bridge to openness”가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

 

Once upon a time, two brothers, Robert and James, who lived on neighboring farms fell into conflict. It was the first serious fight in 40 years of farming side by side. It began with a small misunderstanding and it grew into a major argument, and finally it exploded into an exchange of bitter words followed by weeks of silence. One morning there was a knock on Robert’s door. He opened it to find a carpenter with a toolbox. Looking at Robert, the carpenter said, “I’m looking for a few days’ work. Do you have anything to repair?” “I have nothing to be repaired, but I have a job for you. Look across the creek at that farm. Last week, my younger brother James took his bulldozer and put that creek in the meadow between us. Well, I will do even worse. I want you to build me an 8‑foot tall fence which will block him from seeing my place,” said Robert. The carpenter seemed to understand the situation. Robert prepared all the materials the carpenter needed. The next day, Robert left to work on another farm, so he couldn’t watch the carpenter for some days. When Robert returned and saw the carpenter’s work, his jaw dropped. Instead of a fence, the carpenter had built a bridge that stretched from one side of the creek to the other. His brother was walking over, waving his hand in the air. Robert laughed and said to the carpenter, “You really can fix anything.” The two brothers stood awkwardly for a moment, but soon met on the bridge and shook hands. They saw the carpenter leaving with his toolbox. “No, wait! Stay a few more days.” Robert told him. “Thank you for your invitation. But I need to go build more bridges. Don’t forget. The fence leads to isolation and the bridge to openness,” said carpenter. The two brothers nodded at the carpenter’s words.

 

① Building connections helps people overcome conflicts and misunderstandings.

② Physical separation is the most effective way to resolve personal disputes.

③ Resolving conflicts requires efforts to restore relationships, not increase separation.

④ Emotional walls are necessary to protect oneself from further harm in conflicts.

⑤ Fences symbolize harmony and bridges represent division in human relationships.

 

 

정답은?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

③ Resolving conflicts requires efforts to restore relationships, not increase separation.

③ 갈등을 해결하려면 이별을 늘리는 것이 아니라 관계를 회복하려는 노력이 필요합니다.

 

① 인맥을 쌓는 것은 사람들이 갈등과 오해를 극복하는 데 도움이 됩니다.
② 물리적 분리는 개인적 분쟁을 해결하는 가장 효과적인 방법입니다.
④ 감정의 벽은 분쟁에서 더 이상의 피해로부터 자신을 보호하는 데 필요합니다.
⑤ 울타리는 조화를 상징하고 다리는 인간 관계의 분열을 상징합니다.

 

 

 

 

 

 

지금까지 모의고사변형문제월드 목동 미키박영어의

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바 추론 유형)와 정답자료였습니다.

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(어법성판단 유형)와 정답자료도 확인해보실까요?

 

 

2023년11월고2모의고사변형문제(어법성 판단 유형)

 

 

 

 

이 외에도

구글, 다음, 네이버, 유튜브에서 모의고사변형문제월드 미키박영어라고 검색하시면

정말 많은 모의고사 변형문제 자료들을 무료로 활용하실 수 있습니다.

 

 

그리고, 영문법에 대한 유용한 자료는

재미짐영어 미키박쌤을 확인해보세요.

 

감사합니다.